Sine wave stimulation
within certain
frequencies and
amplitudes has
beneficial effects on
the human body. The FDA
has allowed this type of
technology claim to
induce
relaxation,improve
circulation and relieve
some pain. This
technology seems
especially adept at
relieving the back pain
that comes with long
periods of driving,
sitting or standing.
Sine wave stimulation is
a multiplatform
technology – a tool
powerful for many
purposes. Researchers in
sine wave therapy
describe benefits to
athletes who use it to
warm up for athletic
events and as a massage
to relieve and shorten
muscle burn after
exercise or competition.
To some it has been used
as an aid to
concentration or to
achieve a good night’s
sleep. Dr. Wigram ( now
head of Doctoral Studies
at Aalbourg University
in Denmark ) found this
technology helped “
normal people “ feel
measurably better. This
technology has been used
by Skille in Norway to
calm disturbed children.
At University of London
similar programs
relieved spasticity in
handicapped children as
well as the physical
therapy program it was
compared against.
Terminal cancer patients
have found relief with
this therapy ---allowing
them to feel content and
improve their quality
time with loved ones.
This web site will
attempt to provide
capsulized information
on the uses of sine wave
energy. We will also
provide a section with
published references and
where appropriate
suggestions of links to
researchers in the
field. The capsules
provide information. The
references allow the
reader to make their own
judgement on the
credibility of the
information.The guest
may choose among these
resources according to
their interest and
purpose.
Simulated Wave
Massage
Simulated Wave Massage (
SWM ) is our current
most powerful 4th
generation technology.
In the first generation
of development the
German Psychiatrist,
Teirich, discovered the
certain bass tones could
be sensed by a totally
deaf patient and
relieved his depression
( 1954 ). Rector Olav
Skille in the second
generation of this
technology used a sine
wave to transmit low
frequency energy in the
form of sound to calm
disturbed
institutionalized
children ( 1970 ). His
system known as
Vibroacoustics ( VA) is
still widely practiced
in Norway and
Scandinavia. Such a
system is effective but
is highly dependent on a
skilled technician for
individualized programs
and requires
accompanying music.
Murtonin and Lehikoinen
recognized the
limitations of VA and
patented a third
generation technology
which addressed two
aspects of therapy
neglected in VA.
Different individuals
respond to slightly
different frequencies to
achieve the same
physiologic effect. A
skilled technician is
needed to optimize the
old monotone VAprograms
for each individual.
Vibration therapy has
always been limited in
it’s application and
effect by the stimulus
fatigue syndrome. After
being vibrated for a
short period, nerves
refuse to carry further
signals to the central
nervous system. If you
hold a vibrator in your
hand for a while, the
hand goes numb. Murtonin
points out that VA did
little to address this.
Murtonin and Lehikoinen
developed a third
generational system to
address both problems.
The patented
physioacoustics system (
PA ) instead of fixing
on a monotone, slides
across a narrow
frequency band to make
the programs applicable
to many individuals. For
example, if the central
nervous system is known
to respond between 39
and 40.5 HZ, a
physioacoustic program
desiring to affect the
CNS will scan within
that range. Stimulus
fatigue is avoided by “
physically moving “ the
sine wave signals across
an array of speakers in
a set temporal sequence.
The system works but is
expensive because of the
need for multiple
speakers and amplifiers.
The models currently on
sale in Europe still use
speakers and sound as an
energy carrier ( loud
and inefficient ).
Dynotone owns the
American patents for
this technology. The
models we have built
have been converted to
transducers as a quieter
more efficient transfer
mode.
Simulated Wave Massage (
SWM ) our current 4th
generational system
incorporates all the
benefits of the earlier
technology; plus.
transducers, it is much
quieter, it is simpler
to build --- therefore ,
more reliable – less
expensive to produce
–therefore, making it
available to more
people.
A Little More
Scientific Background
In 1954 Dr. Teirich, a
German psychiatrist had
a patient named
Sutermeister, who lost
his hearing after an
illness. The patient was
withdrawn and depressed.
Teirich set two large
speakers in a couch
through which he played
music. Sutermeister by
lying on the couchwas
able to sense, to enjoy
the music through “
feeling it “.
Sutermeister stated that
he perceived the music
through his solar
plexus. The patient
learned to appreciate
the joys of music. He
shed his depression.
Although Teirich made
careful notes on the
case, he did not further
advance the technology.
Rector Olav Skille
extensively researched
which frequencies were
sensed in which areas of
the body. There is
individual variation in
the exact frequency. We
now understand muscle
and nerve fibers are
tubular structures with
a defined length; thus,
they have an inherent
resonance frequency.
This frequency will vary
slightly among
individuals as muscle
and nerve fibers will
vary slightly in
dimension. Individuals
may sense the same
frequency in different
locations at different
times. Variation within
the same individual may
be explained in terms of
hydration state, which
will cause slight
variation in diameter of
nerve and muscle cells
in the same individual.
This general body of
knowledge painstakingly
collected by Skille in
its simplest forms
remains a lasting
contribution.
Skille also advanced the
field by introducing use
of sine wave through
speakers to transmit the
particular frequency’s
energy to the subject.
The importance of the
sine wave cannot be
understated. All non-sinewave
sound generates
resonance frequencies.
Most musical instruments
generate frequencies in
a variation of a saw
tooth pattern. Every
frequency that is
generated will
simultaneously generate
the odd harmonics of the
primary frequency. Rare
square wave producing
instruments will
generate every harmonic
of the primary
frequency. If a
physiologic effect were
obtained with non-sine
waves, it would not be
possible to determine
whether the
primary or a harmonic
frequency cause the
effect.
Sine waves have no
resonances. There are no
harmonics. The primary
frequency associated
with the physiologic
effect, is the frequency
responsible for that
effect. Murtonin and
Lehikoinen advanced the
science through the use
of limited frequency
variation so that a
single program could be
used to treat the same
problem in many
individuals. By moving
the sine wave programs
through multiple
speakers they provided
the first solution to
the stimulus fatigue
syndrome.
In the early years,
clinical effects of
various frequencies
applied in various
manners was simply
observed. When a good
result was obtained,
similar programs were
used to obtained similar
results in other
individuals. When the
phenomenon was observed
tobe repeatable, rules
were made for the
creation of future
programs. Lehikoinen
(personal communication)
was able to determine
frequencies for treating
patients who were
unconscious. If he
wished to treat an
injured pectoralis
muscle, his hand could
feel vibration in the
pectoralis when the
correct frequency was
applied.
Many workers in the
field (Dr. Charles
Butler, among them )
noted that patients
exposed to frequencies
very close to 40 hertz
generally went to sleep.
40 hertz sine wave
stimulation was
empirically used to
induce central nervous
system relaxation and
sleep. In the early
1990s, Llinneas and
Ribary at New York
University Medical
Center used a 37 channel
electromagnetocytometer
to discover that, in the
human beings, the
thalamus
generates a 40 hertz
wave, which spreads over
the cortex in a very
rapid and specific
manner. This wave is
generated, for example,
whenever one changes
gaze. They were soon
able to demonstrate that
this wave was intimately
associated with the
ability to learn. In
individuals who have
suffered decreased
ability to learn because
of head injury, the 40
hertz wave is weaker. In
Alzheimer’s patients,
the 40 hertz wave is
absent. Without a 40
hertz wave, there is no
ability to learn. On the
heels of these
observations, followed
the discovery that when
human beings entered REM
sleep the brain locked
in 40 hertz. This 40
hertz wave lasted from
entrance into REM sleep
to exit from REM sleep.
Suddenly, we believed
that we understood the
observation that
individuals exposed to
sine waves at 40 hertz
went to sleep. We were
establishing a 40 hertz
resonance frequency in
the brain, which brought
the patient into REM
sleep.
Dr. Anthony Wigram’s
research at the
University of London,
Harpersberry put the
field on sound clinical
basis. He performed
controlled statistically
significant studies to
validate the clinical
claims of the earlier
researchers. He used
placebo-controlled
experiments to
demonstrate the efficacy
of low frequency sine
wave stimulation in
inducing relaxation, a
sense of well-being,
relief of spasticity,
etc. These studies and
his doctoral thesis may
be reviewed in the
reference section of
this website.
SWM is Not
Mechanical Massage
All of these systems of
low frequency sinewav
stimulation must be
distinguished from the
classical mechanical
massage. Classical
systems generates
vibration through an
asymmetric flywheel
device. These
inexpensive motors
quickly loose effect
through the stimulus
fatigue syndrome
described earlier.
Worse, they tend to be
non-linear by nature,
generating infrasonic
resonance below 20 Hz
(Infrasound).
“Infrasound” unlike low
frequency sound can be
harmful and unpleasant.
Some users get so
nauseous and motion-sick
that they never use
these systems a second
time.. In addition,
exposure to infrasound
in the 2 Hz range can
cause nystagmus
(involuntary motion of
the eye), in the 4 Hz
range it degrades
hand-eye coordination,
in the 6 Hz range it has
been associated with
back injury, etc. The
most extensive review of
the harmful effects of
Infrasound is available
to the reader in a
multivolume work
published by the Swedish
Defense Department.
All SWM programs are
written in the healthful
range above 20 Hz.
The Early Research
Into Osteoporosis
Dr. Clinton Rubin, a
Harvard educated
bio-engineer has done
brilliant research
associating frequencies
in the 40 to 90 Hz range
with the stimulation of
bone growth. This is the
frequency range we use.
He has performed animal
and human studies
demonstrating more than
30 % increase in bone
density a year with 10
minute per day exposure.
This data is
revolutionary.
Osteoporosis devastates
so many of our aging
population. The primary
drug treatment ( e.g.
Fosamax ) works by
slowing the breakdown of
existing bone. It does
not stimulate new bone
growth as low frequency
therapy may. Until FDA
approval is obtained
no-one can claim
effectiveness in
treating osteoporosis.
Dr. Rubin cannot and
does not. We do not!
Nevertheless, a look at
the theory and a review
of his papers would be
well worthwhile for
those who want to stay
on the cutting edge with
respect to osteoporosis.
Dr. Rubin’s research is
published in peer review
journals and nicely
summarized in some
popular
scientific journals.
Some of his publications
are included in the
reference section of
this website. . Dr.
Rubin’s area of the
website of Stoneybrook
University would be a
good place to start
looking for additional
work on the subject. Dr.
Rubin’s work is widely
respected. He has
received research
support from NASA
because Osteoporosis is
a major problem in
astronauts. We will
provide a simplified
summary below.
For some time we
believed that exercise
might be the key to
stimulating bone growth
in osteopenic
individuals ( those with
not enough bone density,
e.g. osteoporosis ).
Young healthy astronauts
who have prolonged
exposure to
weightlessness in space
return with brittle
osteopenic bones. Hours
a day of rigorous
exercise in space has
not resolved this
problem.
Now there is a new
theory. To stand , a
stool, a table, a chair
needs a minimum of three
legs. Two legs are not
enough. But, a man who
has two legs can stand
upright. This is because
the brain is constantly
sending signals to the
muscles to tug on the
skeleton in order to
keep us in balance as we
stand. The frequency at
which the muscles tug on
the bones is between 20
and 90 times per second,
that is 20 to 90 Hz..
Now it is felt that
these signals are the
message to build new
bone. When man is
weightless in space,
these signals are not
needed. When man is in
bed for long periods,
these signals are not
needed. Under these
conditions, a healthy
man will develop
Osteoporosis. These
mini-pulls and tugs on
the bone are in the same
frequency range we use
in our programs.
Dr Rubin has done
studies showing
increased bone mass
(bone production) in
both animals and humans
who he has exposed to
these frequencies.
Further, unlike with
drugs, no bad side
effects have been noted.
We recommend that all
readers with an interest
review the scientific
papers out of
Stoneybrook University
and elsewhere on this
topic. A representative
sample is included in
our reference section.
Until Dr Rubin or other
groups obtain FDA
approval, no-one can
claim to cure
Osteoporosis. We
sincerely hope that the
FDA will rule favorably
on Dr Rubin’s research
soon. In the meantime,
we continue to offer
Dynotone Programs and
Equipment based on its
other known benefits.
